John Adams and Minimalism

5. Why is Terry Riley’s groundbreaking 1964 composition In C called In C?

Because the note C serves as the work's tonal center! Throughout the piece, a repeated high C provides a steady pulse while musicians move independently through 53 short musical patterns.


Although the music frequently suggests C major, it explores other harmonies along the way. Its deceptively simple title perfectly suits one of the pioneering works of musical Minimalism.


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The score to In C: notice the F#s and Bbs!

6. What is “phasing”?

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